Chapter 17 Study Guide

Renaissance and Mannerism in Cinquecento Italy

High Renaissance

• Leonardo, Madonna of the Rocks, 1483
• Leonardo, Last Supper, 1495
• Raphael, School of Athens, 1509-1511
• Michelangelo, Pietà (Roman), 1498-1500
• Michelangelo, David, 1501-1504
• Michelangelo, Creation of Adam, 1511-1512
• Michelangelo, Last Judgment, 1536-1541
• Bramante, Tempietto, begun 1502
• Michelangelo et al., Saint Peter’s Basilica, 1506-1590

Venetian Renaissance

• Palladio, Villa Rotonda, c. 1550-1570
• Giovanni Bellini and Titian, Feast of the Gods, 1514
• Titian, Venus of Urbino, 1536-1538
• Tintoretto, Last Supper, 1594
• Veronese, Christ in the House of Levi, 1573

Mannerism

• Pontormo, Entombment of Christ, 1525-1528
• Parmigianino, Madonna with the Long Neck, 1534-1540
• Correggio, Assumption of the Virgin, 1526-1530
• Michelangelo, Laurentian Library (vestibule), 1524-1534

1. Define the following terms:

1. disegno
2. chiaroscuro
3. sfumato
4. impasto

2. What institution functioned as the greatest source of artistic patronage in Cinquecento Italy?

3. Why did Leonardo consider painting to be superior to sculpture?

4. Why was Michelangelo resistant to receiving the commission for the Sistine Chapel ceiling?

5. What is the major difference between Early and High Renaissance architecture?

6. What is the major difference between the painting style of Venice and that of central Italy?

7. What is poesia?

8. Identify one major obstacle that prevented many women from pursuing a career in art in the Renaissance.

9. Name one way in which Giulio Romano departs from the rules of classical architecture in the Palazzo del Te.

Essay Titles/Questions

Choose ONE of the questions below and answer it in an essay that is between 3 and 4 pages long. Use specific examples of works of art and architecture which we have looked at in class and that are relevant to your argument.

(Typed, 12 pt font, double spaced, Times New Roman/Arial, 1 inch margins)

1. The Evolution of the Patron Portrait: Track the evolution of religious works of art from the late Medieval through Renaissance periods in which portraits of the works patrons have been inserted. Choose 3-5 works that include patron portraits which we have examined in class and discuss how the portrayal of the patron[s] reflects the attitudes, preoccupations, beliefs, etc. of the culture in which each piece was made. Consider placement, size, and prominence of the patrons when discussing each work.

2. The Renaissance Nude: The nude human form, which had become exceedingly rare in the Middle Ages, made its return in Italy during the Renaissance. Using 3-5 examples from the course, discuss the development of the nude figure from its return to prominence in the Quattrocento through the Cinquecento. Analyze how the reemergence of the nude is reflective of the cultural environment and shifting attitudes in Italy during this time period. Consider the changes in form and association the nude figure underwent over the course of the time period. Keep historical context in mind.

3. Classicism in Renaissance Architecture: How did classicism (elements of classical Greece and Rome) influence the architecture of the Italian Renaissance (Early, High and/or Venetian), and to what extent did Renaissance architects deviate from their classical predecessors? Use 3-5 examples of Renaissance architecture to support your argument.

(40 points)

Due: Thursday 9 April*

* If submitting electronically, essay must be received by midnight. Send to lauren.vaughan@rccd.edu

Weekly Group Assignment (3/19)

As a group, analyze the work of art you have been assigned. Attempt to identify the artist, subject, culture, and approximate time period of the work using visual evidence and your own knowledge of history and art. Do not simply list off facts you have found through Google. Support any conclusions you come to with specific details from the work. Discuss anything you may find interesting in the piece such as potential symbols, connections with other works, or artistic virtuosity.

Group 1:

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Group 2:

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Group 3:

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Group 4:

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Group 5:

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Group 6:

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Weekly Group Assignment (3/12)

As a group, analyze the work of art you have been assigned. Attempt to identify the artist, subject, culture, and approximate time period of the work using visual evidence and your own knowledge of history and art. Do not simply list off facts you have found through Google. Support any conclusions you come to with specific details from the work. Discuss anything you may find interesting in the piece such as potential symbols, connections with other works, or artistic virtuosity.

Group 1:

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Group 2:

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Group 3:

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Group 4:

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Group 5:

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Group 6:

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Chapter 16 Study Guide

The Renaissance in Quattrocento Italy

Early Italian Renaissance

• Lorenzo Ghiberti, Sacrifice of Isaac, 1401-1402
• Lorenzo Ghiberti, Gates of Paradise (east doors of the baptistery of San Giovanni), 1425-1452
• Donatello, David, c. 1440-1460
• Verrocchio, David, c. 1465-1470
• Masaccio, Holy Trinity (from Santa Maria Novella), c. 1424-1427
• Ghirlandaio, Birth of the Virgin, c. 1485-1490
• Paolo Uccello, Battle of San Romano, c. 1435 or c. 1455
• Sandro Botticelli, Primavera, c. 1482
• Filippo Brunelleschi, Florence Cathedral Dome (Duomo), 1420-1436
• Leon Battista Alberti, west facade of Santa Maria Novella, 1456-1470
• Perugino, Christ Delivering the Keys of the Kingdom to Saint Peter, 1481-1483
• Andrea Mantegna, Foreshortened Christ (Lamentation over the Dead Christ), c. 1500

1. Renaissance Florence saw itself as the inheritor of which ancient civilization?

2. Which biblical personage did Renaissance Florence associate itself with? Which mythological figure did it associate itself with?

3. Why is the Medici family important to the development of the Renaissance? How did they gain their wealth?

4. Explain what perspective is and name the two kinds of perspective discussed in class.

5. What is contrapposto? Give an example of a Quattrocento sculpture that exhibits the use of contrapposto.

6. How do Botticelli’s paintings such as Birth of Venus and Primavera reflect Renaissance culture and ideology?

7. How does Brunelleschi’s loggia of the Ospedale degli Innocenti emulate classical  aesthetics and rationality? (3 examples)

8. Who was Girolamo Savonarola? What were his beliefs regarding the Medici and humanism and what effect did his beliefs have on Florence in the 1490s?

9. What is the significance of Perugino’s Christ Delivering the Keys of the Kingdom to Saint Peter to the papacy?

Class Cancelled 3/3

I've been called in to jury duty and it looks like I won't make it out in time to get to class. Apologies and I'll see you all on Thursday!